Clear-cell carcinomas are some of the most common renal cancers observed in humans. Current medical efforts at finding cures to the cancer focus on the responses of it to the inhibition of RAF-1, VEGR and PDGFR, all found in the Caki-1 cell line. Through transfection experiments with appropriate reagents, researchers can examine the possibilities of genetic modification and its ramifications on the physiology of Caki-1, leading to reliable results that can inform preclinical trials and commercial drug development.
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common urological cancers diagnosed globally. Two cell lines that derive from human ccRCC are Caki-1 and Caki-2, which express wild-type VHL (von Hippel-Lindau). Defining characteristics of ccRCC include the mutation of the VHL tumor suppressor gene and the overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 α protein. Previous studies have suggested that metformin (a drug used to treat diabetes) exhibit antineoplastic effects in different types of cancers since its activation of AMPK evidently decreases the expression of HIF-1 α. In this study, researchers analyze the effect of metformin on both Caki-1 and Caki-2 cell lines. Several concentrations of Metformin were used to treat the cell lines, and various assays and analyses were used to observe cell viability, cell cycle arrest, migration, and apoptosis. Results from this study indicate that Metformin inhibited cell growth in both Caki-1 and Caki-2 cell lines. Howe...
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